Kudumbashree:Promoting the Self-Help Group Model of Empowerment Through Women Entrepreneurship in Kerala-A Study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17010/pijom/2016/v9i6/94959Keywords:
Kudumbashree
, Women Empowerment, Women Entrepreneurship, SHGsM100
, M130, O1Paper Submission Date
, November 20, 2015, Paper sent back for Revision, March 11, 2016, Paper Acceptance Date, May 2, 2016.Abstract
Women are the basic unit of the society. They become even more important as a long-term solution to a sustainable livelihood. Women entrepreneurship through empowerment aims to create human resources within the productive sector and to sustain for the further development process. Kerala is only the state in India that has attained a remarkable status, fulfilling all the criterion of various social well-beings compared with some of the developed countries in the world, which is widely known as the 'Kerala model of development'. This achievement is reflected in the literacy level of women, salary or wage structure of employment, technical and professional services, equality of women at par with men. This political and socio-economic scenario within the state reinforces to redefine the consciousness about the poverty concept. In this sense, poverty is dynamically viewed as freedom of choice from a socioeconomic functioning than only the concern of income or money. Again, poverty reduction is not only a matter of an overall economic growth in a society, but also that is interconnected with various social aspects like women empowerment and women entrepreneurship. All these multi-dimensional approaches led the government to form a female community intended poverty reduction project in the state and resulted in the birth of "Kudumbashree". The mission has set up the self-help group (SHG) model of women empowerment to encourage a wide range of female entrepreneurial activities. Now, Kudumbashree has become one of the largest women's movements in Asia. This research study was conducted within the time period of three months from July to September 2015 among the female entrepreneurs those who are actively participating in the Kudumbashree mission in Kerala. The aim of this paper was to explore the activities and influence of Kudumbashree and the way it stimulates women empowerment as well as female entrepreneurship.Downloads
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
References
Ascher, J. (2012). Female entrepreneurship – An appropriate response to gender discrimination. Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Innovation (JEMI), 8 (4), 97 - 114.
Development Commissioner (MSME). (2007). Final report : Fourth all India census of micro, small and medium enterprises. 2006-2007: Unregistered sector. Retrieved from http://dcmsme.gov.in/publications/Final%20Report%20of%20Fourth%20All%20India%20Census%20of%20MSME%20Unregistered%20Sector%202006-07.pdf
Eagly, A. H., Johannesen-Schmidt, M. C., & Van Engen, M. L. (2003). Transformational, transactional, and laissez-faire leadership styles: A meta-analysis comparing women and men. Psychological Bulletin, 129 (4), 569 - 591.
Evaluation Division, Kerala State Planning Board, Govt. of Kerala. (2012). Evaluation study on Kudumbashree. Retrieved from http://www.spb.kerala.gov.in/images/pdf/Divisions/EVN01.pdf
Franke, R. W., & Chasin, B. H. (1999). Is the Kerala model sustainable? Lessons from past, prospects for the future. In G. Parayil (Ed.), The Kerala model of development : Perspectives on development and sustainability (p. 17). London : Zed Press.
GEM Executive Report. (2007). Retrieved from file:///C:/Users/Administrator/Downloads/1313078590GEM_2007_Global_Report.pdf
Hazarika, D. (2011). Women empowerment in India: A brief discussion. International Journal of Educational Planning & Administration, 1(3), 199-202.
Irshad, M. K., & Juman, B. K. M. (2015). A study on the micro enterprises promoted by Kudumbashree and their marketing strategies in Malappuram District. Bonfring International Journal of Industrial Engineering and Management Science, 5(2), 78 - 82. Retrieved from http://www.journal.bonfring.org/papers/iems/volume5/BIJ-8086.pdf
John, J. (2009). A study on Kudumbashree project : A poverty eradication programme in Kerala. Performance, impact, and lessons for other states. Retrieved from http://planningcommission.nic.in/reports/sereport/ser/ser_kudu.pdf
Jose T.K. (2006). Kudumbashree: Urban CDS, A community based women oriented initiative to fight urban poverty in Kerala. Productivity News, 44 (2), National Productivity Council, New Delhi.
Kerala State Planning Board, Govt. of Kerala. (2015). Economic review (2015). Retrieved from http://www.keralacm.gov.in/images/stories/topnews/2016/February/ER_2015_Eng_01.pdf
Khan, N., Bhatt, A. A., & Amu, A. (2014). Role of women in micro, small and medium enterprises (MSME). TMIMT International Journal, 1(1), March 2014. Retrieved from http://tmimtjournal.org/papers/RoleofWomenMicroSmallMediumEnte_Nasreen.pdf
Know India. (2015, Aug. 2). Kerala. Retrieved from http://www.archive.india.gov.in/knowindia/state_uts.php?id=14
Kudumbashree. (2015a). Kudumbashree : Annual Administration Report- 2009-2010. Retrieved from http://www.kudumbashree.org/?q=home
Kudumbashree. (2015b). Kudumbashree state poverty eradication mission, Kerala booklet. Retrieved from http://www.kudumbashree.org/sites/all/themes/kudumbashree/images/publications/13-booklet_final.pdf
Kudumbashree. (n.d.). Women empowerment. Retrieved from http://www.kudumbashree.org/?q=home_story_womenempower
Ministry of Micro, Small & Medium Enterprises, Govt. of India. (2016). Definitions, development commissioner (MSME). Retrieved from http://dcmsme.gov.in/ssiindia/definition.htm
Ministry of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME), Govt. of India. (2014). Annual report 2013-2014. Retrieved from http://msme.gov.in/WriteReadData/DocumentFile/ANNUALREPORT-MSME-2013-14P.pdf
Moghadam, V. (2015). Gender and globalization: Female labor and women's mobilization. Journal of World Systems Research, 5 (2), 366-389.
Planning Commission, Government of India. (2014). Report of the expert group to review the methodology for measurement of poverty. Retrieved from http://planningcommission.nic.in/reports/genrep/pov_rep0707.pdf
Rustagi, P. (2013). Changing patterns of labour force participation and employment of women in India. The Indian Journal of Labour Economics, 56 (2), 215-241.
Sharma, Y. (2013). Women entrepreneur in India. Journal of Business and Management, 15 (3), 9-14.
United Nations Industrial Development . (2003). A path out of poverty : Developing rural and women entrepreneurship. Retrieved from www.unido.org/fileadmin/user_media/Publications/Pub_free/A_path_out_of_poverty.pdf
Upadhyay, R. (2010). Women's empowerment in India - An analytical overview. San Francisco: The Asia Foundation. Retrieved from http://asiafoundation. org/resources/pdfs/womensempowermentindiabriefs.pdf
Vijayanand, S.M. (2009). Kerala : A case study of classical democratic decentralization. Thrissur : Kerala Institute of Local Administration (KILA). Retrieved from http://www.panchayat.gov.in/documents/10198/1389387/S%2BM%2BVijayananth-Classical%2Bdecenttralisation-Kerala.pdf
Williams, G., Thampi, B. V., Narayana, D., Nandigama, S., & Bhattacharyya, D. (2011). Performing participatory citizenship–politics and power in Kerala's Kudumbashree programme. Journal of Development Studies, 47 (8), 1261-1280.
Women's Empowerment Principles. (2015, Sep. 10). Principle 5: Implement enterprise development, supply chain and marketing practices that empower women. Retrieved from http://www.weprinciples.org/Site/Principle5/
